ClimateTrade News

ClimateTrade News

Energy Transition Accelerator
Carbon Markets

Kerry’s Energy Transition Accelerator is good news for the carbon market

John Kerry, the United States’ climate envoy, unveiled the Energy Transition Accelerator yesterday (November 9) at COP27: a carbon offset plan that comes as the vote of confidence the market needed. The Energy Transition Accelerator is a public-private initiative to fund renewable energy projects through carbon offsets, with the purpose of of accelerating the clean energy transition in developing countries. As our CEO Francisco Benedito said in a letter to the editor published in the Financial Times on November 10, the initiative is exactly what the carbon market needs. Private capital at the service of climate action Announcing the program at COP27, Kerry said the noted that the Energy Transition Accelerator is a way for private capital to support the work of governments and NGOs in transitioning to renewable energy sources. “Our administration is working as hard as we can to deliver on President Biden’s pledge to quadruple U.S. climate support by 2024. We are absolutely committed to doing our part. But no government in the world has enough money to get this job done. We will only succeed with a massive infusion of private capital,” he noted. Under the scheme, developing countries could generate carbon credits by shutting down fossil fuel-based power plants and adopting cleaner energy sources. These credits could then be sold to global corporations looking to offset their own emissions. Transparency will be key to success At a time when the credibility of carbon offsets is sometimes put into question, Kerry’s initiative confirms the validity of this climate finance mechanism, when implemented transparently. But as Benedito explains in his letter to this editor, the real work begins now. “For this program to work, it must be executed with precision and transparency. Companies that purchase these credits will want to know from which country and decarbonization initiative they were generated, and they will ask for a guarantee that credits cannot be sold more than once,” he explains. Of course, blockchain technology can support these efforts as reliable infrastructure that allows stakeholders to trace carbon offsetting transactions, increasing trust, transparency and credibility in the market. We at ClimateTrade hope that the Energy Transition Accelerator will follow best practices and leverage the technical and commercial expertise of the entire carbon market ecosystem. More on this topic: Taking carbon markets to the next level at COP27 Sustainable Innovation Forum

From COP26 to COP27
Climate Change News

ClimateTrade milestones from COP26 to COP27

Action and implementation are key priorities at COP27. Luckily, fast and ambitious action is our daily commitment at ClimateTrade. Here are some of the milestones we have accomplished between COP26 and COP27. This year’s Conference of the Parties is fast approaching, and with climate change accelerating, stakeholders from all spheres of society have their eyes on concrete actions. COP27’s slogan is ‘Together for Implementation’, a clear sign that it is time to put words into practice.  Where to find ClimateTrade at COP27 Request a meeting with our team in Sharm el-Sheikh At ClimateTrade, we’ve always believed in actions more than in words, and one of our core values is ambition: We want to change the world and that can only be done by thinking big. As a result, moonshots are our daily thoughts. In the year from COP26 to COP27, we have taken big steps in three key areas: the promotion of transparent carbon markets, the enhancement of climate finance, and the protection of nature and biodiversity. From COP26 to COP27: Transparent carbon markets Improving the transparency of carbon markets is our core purpose here at ClimateTrade. here are three ways in which we promoted this objective over the past year: Blockchain decarbonization First, we worked with Algorand to make this blockchain network and its entire ecosystem carbon-neutral. Algorand is already the greenest blockchain network, having reduced its energy use tremendously. In December last year, we launched the Green Treasury, a blockchain oracle providing Algorand and its developer community a platform for offsetting the carbon footprint of the entire Algorand network. Since then, we have also started working with several members of the Algorand ecosystem to help them achieve carbon neutrality. We believe that blockchain technology is key to making the voluntary carbon market as transparent as possible. On blockchain infrastructure, all transactions are traceable and immutable, which means double counting is virtually impossible. But this technology comes with a heavy carbon footprint, which could easily defeat its transparent sustainability purpose. By decarbonizing the blockchain ecosystem, we make sure that transparency doesn’t cause collateral damage. Digital Measurement, Reporting and Verification  In February 2022, ClimateTrade and BME concluded a successful proof of concept (PoC) for the digital certification of carbon mitigation projects. The initiative laid the bases for digitizing the verification and certification process for projects that generate carbon credits, and for adding them to national registries. Our goal with this is to make the entire process more efficient and transparent, and to guarantee the quality of the carbon credit supply. Digital Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (D-MRV) is an end-to-end solution that guarantees the authenticity and traceability of carbon credits: project developers can register their mitigation in a public and traceable way, allowing all users to verify the integrity of data. This facilitates the transparent purchase of carbon credits and their automated cancellation. International Emissions Trading Association membership Finally, we recently joined the International Emissions Trading Association (IETA). Our membership allows us to be part of international efforts to create effective and transparent market-based trading systems for carbon emissions and advance the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals. From COP26 to COP27: Enhanced climate finance One of ClimateTrade’s missions is to direct flows of capital towards climate change mitigation. We believe that it is necessary to shift the global economy towards a sustainable model to truly protect the future of the planet. To this end, we have taken several key actions in the past year. More than 12,000 carbon offsetting transactions To date, ClimateTrade has facilitated the offsetting of more than 3 million tons of CO2, and since COP26 alone, more than 12,000 transactions have occurred on our marketplace, directing much needed funding towards climate-positive projects. Improved marketplace We have also made design and operational improvements to our climate marketplace, which is now being used by more than 11,000 users. The more people and companies use our marketplace, the more capital will be available for sustainable projects. International expansion Finally, we have opened new offices in Miami and Seoul and participated in more than 100 events to raise awareness about the need for decarbonization worldwide. As part of this thought leadership work, we have also published four different white papers and eBooks to support companies’ Net Zero strategies. From COP26 to COP27: Biodiversity and nature protection Climate action is about much more than just decarbonization; that’s why ClimateTrade has been working particularly hard in the past year to promote nature and biodiversity conservation. Voluntary Biodiversity Credits In May 2022, we joined forces with Terrasos to commercialize Voluntary Biodiversity Credits from the Bosque de Niebla – El Globo Habitat Bank on our marketplace. Each credit corresponds to 30 years of conservation and/or restoration of 10m2 of the Bosque de Niebla, home of threatened species such as the spectacled bear, the yellow-eared parrot, and the black-and-chestnut eagle. Since then, more than 100 credits have been sold on our platform, and this initiative has been recognized by the World Economic Forum. Nature-based solutions Our marketplace currently features more than 30 nature-based solution projects, which capture or avoid carbon through forest, soil and biodiversity protection. We make a constant effort to ensure that we offer carbon mitigation projects that also bring added biodiversity benefits. Blue carbon and regenerative agriculture As part of our research and development work, we have teamed up with several new partners to develop methodologies for blue and white carbon, as well as regenerative agriculture. One of these initiatives is the recently announced Albufera Blue Carbon, in which we are working with Valencia’s CE/R+S (Responsible and Sustainable Companies Association) to quantify the carbon mitigation potential of peatlands in the Valencian Community. To find out more about what we have been up to since COP26, check out our announcements page.

Albufera Blue Carbon
Climate Impact

ClimateTrade and CE/R+S launch the Albufera Blue Carbon Project ‘Albluefera’

The Albufera Blue Carbon project leverages nature-based solutions for carbon offsetting in the Albufera Natural Park. Valencia, November 3, 2022 – ClimateTrade, the blockchain-based climate marketplace, and the Club of Responsible and Sustainable Companies of the Valencian Community today presented the Albufera Blue Carbon project – ‘Albluefera’ – in the Port of Catarroja. The presentation coincided with UNESCO’s International Day for Biosphere Reserves: both CE/R+S and ClimateTrade support the declaration of the Albufera as a biosphere reserve, a title towards which the city has been working for several years. The two entities have signed a collaboration agreement to offset the carbon footprint of Valencian businesses through Nature-Based Solutions (NbS) in the peatlands and surrounding agricultural areas of the Albufera Natural Park. Only companies associated with CE/R+S will join this initiative, so that they can store carbon in the wetland ecosystem through the Blue Carbon methodology, generating a positive impact on the mitigation and adaptation of the climate crisis while offsetting their emissions. Lorena García, Director of CE/R+S, comments: “This is an ambitious and innovative project that will allow our companies to move towards meeting their established decarbonization objectives; as well as contribute to the conservation of our natural area.” Valencian companies Hidraqua and Vickyfoods were among the participants in the launch. José Lindo, Co-Founder of ClimateTrade, added: “At ClimateTrade we work to achieve proximity in carbon sequestration projects. It is important that our companies understand the need to radically reduce their emissions through decarbonization strategies and, when the time comes, work on projects based on nature and regenerative agriculture, linking green employment and decarbonization at the local level.” Natural carbon sinks Marine and coastal ecosystems such as wetlands, peatlands, mangroves, and seagrass beds represent large natural carbon sinks, making it crucial to restore and conserve them to achieve regional and global climate goals. The generation of carbon credits via Blue Carbon projects makes it possible to finance their conservation and restoration. The Albufera Blue Carbon project will cover all the actions that support these ecosystems and the services they provide within the Valencian Community, to respond to various challenges of society such as climate change, food security or the risk of natural disasters. Among other actions, the strategy includes joint leadership on the entire cycle of the CO2 sequestration and mitigation  in the wetlands, the development of the mitigation project through the analysis of opportunities for the Measurement, Reporting and annual Verification of the reduction of emissions, dialogue with validating bodies for project certification, and the final sale of authorized Blue Carbon carbon credits through the ClimateTrade blockchain platform.   About ClimateTrade ClimateTrade is a blockchain-based climate pioneer, aiming to empower large-scale decarbonization through constant innovation. The ClimateTrade marketplace allows companies to offset their climate impact by purchasing carbon, plastic and biodiversity offsets, as well as renewable energy certificates directly from project developers. The ClimateTrade API, Widget and Whitelabel allow clients to integrate marketplace functionalities into their own platform, making their products climate-positive. ClimateTrade is also spearheading disruptive innovation around the digital certification of carbon mitigation projects and supporting the digitization of national carbon registries. About CE/R+S CE/R+S was founded in 2017 as the first regional sustainability club in Spain and the only one in the Valencian Community, with the purpose of leading the transformation of the Valencian business model towards sustainability. The Club currently has 34 members: AGC Flat Ibérica, Angela Impact Economy, Almacenes Lázaro, Alpesa, Grupo Baux, Grupo Bertolín, Zubi Group, Broseta Abogados, Caixa Popular, Choví, Colisee, Consum S. Coop., Cubierta Solar, El Corte English, EAFI Ethics, Grupo Eulen, Excal, Geocivil, Foodiverse, Grupo Gimeno, GDES, Hidraqua, Hinojosa Packing Solutions, Grupo IVI, Grupo Marjal, Novaterra, Ribera Salud, Royo group, RNB Cosméticos, Velarte, Grupo Simetría, Suavinex, Triangle REM and Unimat Prevention.

ClimateTrade COP27
Carbon Markets

Top 5 expectations from COP27

With the world’s largest climate event just around the corner and extreme weather events already causing mayhem around the globe, expectations are at their peak this year. Here are the five advances ClimateTrade expects from the event in Sharm el-Sheikh. 1. Full acceptance of the work of the Integrity Council for Voluntary Carbon Markets The Integrity Council for Voluntary Carbon Markets (ICVCM) is doing tremendous work to bring together the entire carbon ecosystem in setting clear guidelines on carbon credit quality and the functioning of the overall market. It is not easy work, and the Council’s attempt to define Core Carbon Principles (CCPs) has been met with resistance, with certain market players, such as Verra, noting that the process being put in place to guarantee the quality of carbon credits would be “unworkable”.  We at ClimateTrade firmly believe in the necessity to build integrity in carbon markets, and that will not be possible without the buy-in of all market participants in initiatives like the ICVCM. In response to Verra’s statement, our co-founder and head of impact José Lindo said to Carbon Pulse: “In my opinion, we are overly focusing on the ‘how’, i.e carbon integrity processes, and rather we should start the debate from the ‘why’ i.e the purpose served by the CCPs, and reflect on legitimate requirements voiced by countries, scientists, environmental organizations, indigenous communities and, obviously, voluntary carbon market players.” For this reason, we expect the Conference of the Parties to reaffirm the role of the ICVCM in helping align carbon credit supply with quality and transparency expectations. 2. Final definition of the Paris Agreement’s Article 6 rules Last year in Glasgow, countries clarified some of the rules of Article 6, the part of the Paris Agremeent that governs the functioning of carbon trading between countries. For instance, it was decided that to avoid double counting, the country where the mitigation project is based holds the power to decide whether the credits should go towards its own Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) or be sold internationally, in which case it would be listed as a credit on its records. Negotiations also clarified which of the credits generated under the Clean Development Mechanism (the Paris Agreement’s predecessor) could be brought over to the new system, and set up some rules around taxing carbon trading transactions. But much remains to be defined for Article 6 to become operational. In particular, we expect this year’s conference to determine the mechanisms that will govern the use of Internationally Transferred Mitigation Outcomes (ITMOs), the units meant to be used for the international emissions trading between Parties to the Paris Agreement. 3. Regulating the registration of Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) Equally, the system for calculating and registering Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), the emissions reductions countries decide to achieve every five years, is currently not regulated, which can lead to wide variations in ambition between countries. ClimateTrade expects COP27 negotiations to define rules as to how these contributions are calculated, communicated and adjusted. 4. No changes in Paris Agreement signatories The current geopolitical landscape, particularly the Ukraine-Russia war, could put the future of the Paris Agreement at stake. As seen with the withdrawal of the U.S. from the agreement following the election of Donald Trump, governments have the potential to weaponize the world’s emissions reduction goals to achieve their political ambitions. We hope this year’s Conference of the Parties will see no changes in Paris Agreement signatories or faltering in their commitments. 5. Inclusion of biodiversity in carbon market discussions As our understanding of climate change grows and climate action matures, it is becoming evident that biodiversity protection should be part of the carbon equation. This year will be the 15th edition of the UN Biodiversity Conference, which has been run alongside the climate change conference so far. We expect COP27 to mark a turning point in the way countries approach these two areas of sustainability, and a recognition that the two are inextricably linked. ClimateTrade is already working to protect biodiversity in the same way carbon is offset (through voluntary biodiversity credits) and we believe the nascent nature protection credit system could learn a lot from the development of a working carbon market.

COP27
Climate Change News

Where to find ClimateTrade at COP27

ClimateTrade will be actively participating in COP27, our fifth UN climate change conference. There are less than three weeks left before the biggest climate event of the year, and we are ready to go. This year’s theme is Together for Implementation, and we can’t wait to push the agenda on the voluntary carbon market, ensuring carbon credit quality and harmonized carbon pricing, as well as biodiversity credits as a tool for nature protection. Panel participation So far, our CEO Francisco Benedito is due to speak in three different panels: 09/11 – 15.30 CET: Sustainable Innovation Forum – When will the carbon offset market become credible and truly protect and regenerate the planet?  (Innovation Zone Sharm el-Sheikh + live streaming) Carbon markets are rapidly growing as companies and consumers look to offset the environmental impact of their choices. How can we meet the demand for a quality global carbon market that operates effectively to ensure genuine impact for the planet? How can we protect and enhance the planet’s natural carbon sinks? What are the opportunities of blockchain and digital technology? How close are we to developing an agreed standard for certifying carbon credits? Register here. 14/11 – 13.30 CET: World Biodiversity Summit – Carbon Markets and their Role for Biodiversity – Stepping Up Climate & Biodiversity Action by Trading CO2 (Park Regency Sharm el-Sheikh + live streaming). Carbon markets play a crucial role in fighting climate change and can fast-track the transition to a net-zero economy. To better synergise the global climate and biodiversity goals, carbon markets should not only focus on mitigating climate change, but projects should also consider their effects on biological diversity. This fireside chat will look at the business cases and policy frameworks needed to achieve nature-positive carbon markets. Register here. 14/11 – 16.30 CET: ICC Make Climate Action Everyone’s Business Forum panel – Transparency, reliability and collaboration in the carbon market (online) A fair and transparent carbon price is key to support companies’ climate transition, and the ICC Carbon Pricing Principles lay the bases for this harmonization. Since their publication, the Spanish Chamber of Commerce and several local Chambers of Commerce have been working with ClimateTrade to leverage blockchain technology for transparency in carbon pricing. In this session, Francisco Benedito, CEO of ClimateTrade, discusses the results of these efforts to implement the ICC Carbon Pricing Principles. Register here. Live carbon offsetting at the Innovation Zone As a Sustainable Innovation Forum sponsor, ClimateTrade will offer COP27 attendees the option to calculate and offset the carbon footprint of their participation in the event, live from our booth. Come visit us to experience our whitelabel solution first-hand!

VERGE 22
Climate Change News

Discussing the future of climate tech at VERGE 22

ClimateTrade will be attending and speaking at VERGE 22, the climate tech event organized by Greenbiz in San Jose, California, October 25-27. As an industry leader, ClimateTrade is proud to be a sponsor and speaker at the world’s leading climate tech event, VERGE 22. The purpose of this event is to accelerate solutions to the most pressing challenges of our time, and we are looking forward to discussing those in detail. A leader in six strategic areas VERGE 22 is organized in six strategic themes – clean energy, sustainable transportation, carbon removal, regenerative food systems, net-zero buildings and the startup ecosystem – and ClimateTrade contributes to all six of these. We support the development of clean energy by offering renewable projects and renewable energy certificates (RECs) on our marketplace; we partner with transportation companies to help them mitigate their climate impact; we are joining forces with players in the regenerative food ecosystem to investigate carbon farming; we are a strong carbon neutrality partner in the construction sector, having developed a specialized carbon footprint calculator; and we are deeply involved in the startup ecosystem in Valencia, Miami and beyond. For all these reasons, we look forward to being a conversation leader at the Greenbiz event. Panel: New technologies and strategies for communicating carbon data to consumers – 26/10, 2.45pm PDT Our CEO Francisco Benedito is a speaker on this panel of leaders behind some of the new experiments with carbon labels, who will share what we do and don’t know about the power of labels to impact consumer choice. What would happen if the carbon embodied in a laptop or a sofa or even a packet of chips were displayed on the product’s label? Measuring embodied carbon is notoriously difficult, but supply chains are slowly becoming more transparent and consumer demand for environmental data is growing. These forces have prompted companies large and small to experiment with labels that detail the emissions created in the manufacture of a product. The big question now is how consumers will react. Benedito will bring ClimateTrade’s perspective from our partnership with Santander Bank on its new carbon footprint feature, available on the webpage and app. Live carbon offsetting at the ClimateTrade booth Additionally, we are bringing innovation to our event booth! VERGE 22 participants can find us at booth 113 to experience our whitelabel solution, calculating and offsetting the footprint of their event attendance. If you haven’t yet, you can still register to attend VERGE 22 here.

Other Categories

Comprar créditos de carbono
Carbon Markets

How to buy carbon credits to offset your footprint

Looking to buy carbon credits to offset your carbon footprint, but unsure how to do so? In this article, we guide you through the process of purchasing carbon credits. As the world moves towards Net Zero, more and more companies are offsetting their carbon footprint, by contributing financially to sustainable projects around the world. But how exactly does offsetting work, and what are your options when looking to purchase carbon offsets? What is carbon offsetting through buying carbon credits? Carbon offsetting is the process of purchasing carbon credits on the carbon market generated by CO2 absorption projects, to make up for a company or person’s emissions. First, it requires calculating the carbon footprint of your company. Let’s say a company has emitted 1,000 tons of greenhouse gases (GHG) in a given year: to offset this footprint, it will need to buy 1,000 carbon credits, each representing 1 ton of CO2-equivalent. This accounting system is a relatively simple way to ensure that the world doesn’t emit more than it can absorb, as well as providing much needed financing to carbon mitigation projects. Once you know what your carbon footprint is, and after you have taken measures such as switching to renewable energy or cutting electricity consumption to reduce it, it is time to offset the remaining carbon emissions by purchasing carbon credits. What are ‘good’ or ‘bad’ carbon credits?  Different ways to buy carbon credits There are several ways to buy carbon credits to offset your footprint. Buy carbon credits directly from developers The most direct way to purchase them is at the source: from the organization responsible for the project you want to support. In this case, your company can either invest in the development of the project with a promise of return in the form of future carbon credits, or buy what are called Emission Reduction Purchase Agreements (ERPAs), upfront payment for carbon credits to be delivered as and when they are generated. This latter option is more common when the project is already at a later stage of development. There are two main advantages to buying your carbon credits directly from the project developer:  it allows you gain a deep understanding of the project and get involved in its management you can secure lower prices than with a reseller But this option is not for everyone: it requires a certain amount of research and knowledge to identify and engage with suitable projects the carbon credits are not immediately available as you purchase them Purchase carbon credits through a broker Many project developers work with brokers to arrange the sale of their carbon credits. In this case, your company would get in touch with a broker and give them specifics about the type of project you’re looking for (location, price, etc.). The broker would find a project that suits you, then purchase carbon credits on your behalf and resell them to you with a mark-up. This option can seem more practical than dealing directly with a project, particularly if you need a lot of carbon offsets: as a service provider, the broker handles all transactions. But there are some significant downsides to take into account: brokers rarely disclose their pricing structures, so you have no clarity on the price of the carbon credit vs the broker fee in some cases, brokers charge companies almost three times as much as they pay project developers, abusing their power as the middleman and defeating the purpose of climate finance The Financial Times recently exposed just how opaque carbon credit brokers’ practices can be. This is not an option we recommend. Buy carbon credits on the ClimateTrade marketplace The ClimateTrade marketplace combines the positive impact of buying carbon credits directly from the developer with the practicality of using a broker. On our user-friendly platform, you can browse more than 140 certified projects categorized by type, country, and United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, and choose the carbon offsets most suited to your objectives.   Our climate marketplace is accessible to all individuals and companies who want to take action against climate change by supporting sustainable and certified projects. It’s easy to get started following simple steps: Visit our marketplace Choose from a variety of projects, including reforestation, protecting biodiversity, removing trash from oceans, and supporting communities. Find a project that aligns with your values and goals. Choose the units, tons, or MWh that match your own carbon footprint, or specify the amount you wish to contribute. Complete your transaction, and you will receive a customized certificate with details of your offset. The project will receive the funds, and you can rest assured that you’ve taken a step toward reducing your impact on the environment. Automatically receive your traceable carbon offsetting certificate Let your clients offset your carbon footprint ClimateTrade also offers an API and Widget that can be easily integrated into your own payment system, letting your clients offset the carbon footprint of your products and services as they make their purchases.  Check out our API and Widget and make your offering carbon-neutral now.

urban resilience
Climate Change News

Cities and climate change: urban resilience

Cities are currently facing countless natural or man-made disasters, from earthquakes, fires, mass migration … These types of situations are increasingly frequent due to factors such as rapid urbanization, climate change or political instability. Resilience is a concept that, in the case of cities, consists of having the capacity to prepare, resist and recover from a crisis in order to protect and improve people’s lives, ensure the benefits of development and drive a positive change. It provides a strategic framework that includes risk assessment and tools to face these economic, social and environmental challenges in our cities. “Globally, more people live in urban areas than in rural areas, with 55 % of the world’s population residing in urban areas in 2018. In 1950, 30 % of the world’s population was urban, and by 2050, 68 % of the world’s population is projected to be urban” (https://population.un.org/wup/Publications/Files/WUP2018-KeyFacts.pdf) The factors that most affect cities are those related to the consequences of climate change. These effects include devastating events such as floods, droughts or forest fires, which have generated catastrophic impacts on our planet. Generating challenges and uncertainties for society, the economy and the environment. It can affect basic public services, such as the supply of water or energy, essential for the performance of cities. Therefore, as the effects of climate change become more severe and frequent, it is necessary to adopt measures to make cities more resilient, reduce their vulnerability, and thus mitigate these changes and reduce their negative impact. “70 percent of cities are already dealing with the effects of climate change, and almost all are at risk. For instance, over 90 percent of all urban areas are coastal, which puts most cities across the globe at risk of flooding from sea level rise and powerful storms”. Climate change is a growing threat! It directly affects the ability of countries to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals and could even reverse the achievements made in recent decades. The ability of cities to adapt to crisis situations and the threats of climate change is decisive for their sustainability and future. According to the United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat) (https://unhabitat.org/) To be truly resilient, cities should work towards sustainability to ensure positive long-term impacts, and in the same manner, being truly sustainable entails incorporating resilience to drive and protect development goals. The time to act is NOW, we need resilient and sustainable cities! These are some of the proposals by the United Nations to achieve Goal 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities) by 2030. Ensure access for all to adequate, safe and affordable housing and basic services and improve slums. Provide access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transportation systems for all by expanding public transportation. Increase sustainable urbanization and capacity for participatory, integrated and sustainable planning and management of human settlements in all countries. Double efforts to protect cultural and natural heritage Minimize deaths from disasters, including those related to water, and those affected by them, and greatly reduce economic losses. Reduce the negative environmental impact per capita of cities. Provide universal access to green areas and public spaces. Increase the number of cities that adopt and implement integrated policies and plans to promote inclusion, efficient use of resources, mitigation of and adaptation to climate change and resilience to disasters. Provide support to least developed countries, including through financial and technical assistance, to enable them to build sustainable and resilient buildings using local materials. Innovation is part of the solution to help cities resist, adapt and quickly recover from crises. Comprehensive risk management services including monitoring of service and infrastructure networks, simulation models, action protocols and alert systems to find out the state of the city in real time. 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